阅读理解10.0分
英语

Nowadays, so many people are becoming interested in adventurous trip in the wild. No one intentionally gets lost in the wild, but circumstances such as weather conditions or medical emergencies may require the use of wilderness survival. With key survival techniques, a person can survive in the wild until help arrives. Here are some of the tips:

Remain dry to conserve body warmth. Do not intentionally get wet. Avoid frostbite by staying out of the wind. Uncovered skin can become frostbitten in a matter of seconds under the right conditions. Wind is the biggest factor. Stay out of direct sunlight and find shade where possible. Direct sun can cause heatstroke (中暑) or result in dehydration (脱水).

Look for a cave or other natural weather shelter. Check for other wildlife like bears, snakes before entering the shelter. Build a shelter with branches and with rope. Use as many branches as possible for added stability and protection against the wind and weather. If you are in a desert environment, try to build an underground shade shelter to avoid prolonged sun exposure so you can travel more comfortably in cooler temperatures.

Light a fire using one of several methods: matches or lighters if available; striking a flint (燧石) or a sharp edged rock with steel from a knife blade; focusing the sun through an eyeglass on cotton or dry grass or other excellent fire starting materials; using dry wood and sticks to start your fire: you can take two pieces of dry wood, sharpen one of them and use it to drill into the other piece, with anything easy to catch fire next to the drill bit. The moment the tiny wood pieces catch a spark, put them onto a nest of leaves or twigs or dry bark.

Humans can live without food longer than they do without water. Dig a hole with hands or a stick several feet from a river or lake. Let the hole fill in by itself and use that water to drink. Collect the dew, which is water. Drink sap (汁液) from birch trees or maple trees by cutting a branch with a knife or breaking it off. The sap is mostly water and slightly sweet. Follow dry river beds to the water source. Check a dry river bed at night and it may contain water not found during the day. Conserve water by traveling at night and resting in the shade during the day. Boil water for 15 minutes. Use iodine tablets (碘片) if available.

Eat only known plant specimens like berries, nuts and fruit. This is not the time to test your wild mushroom knowledge. Watch for signs of wildlife. If the animals eat it, it is probably safe for humans too. Dig up the roots of plants like wild onions and carrots to eat raw or boiled in water. Gather worms for protein. Maintain protein levels by capturing and eating available meat sources. Dig trap holes to catch rabbits or small mammals. Fish and snakes are also available sources of protein that require little hunting skill.

A quick way to get rescued is to create a smoke signal. Creating a visible SOS sign has the same effect.

Remember to take things you may need: survival kit, rope and tape, whistle, matches and tinder, pencil and very small notebook, brightly colored cloth, knife, water, tents, traps for hunting, a compass, a gun if possible.

46. You can find access to drinking water under the guidance of _______.

47. How many ways are mentioned on starting a fire without matches or lighters?

48. It is unwise to look for_______ as food in the wild.

49. The best title for this passage is ________.

第1小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

C

解析

事实细节题。根据文章第五段Dig a hole with hands or a stick several feet from a river or lake. Let the hole fill in by itself and use that water to drink. Collect the dew, which is water. Drink sap (汁液) from birch trees or maple trees by cutting a branch with a knife or breaking it off. The sap is mostly water and slightly sweet. Follow dry river beds to the water source. 可知,挖洞,收集汁液,随干涸的河床找水源都是为了喝水。所以选择C.

考查方向

本题考查了细节理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第五段Dig a hole with hands or a stick several feet from a river or lake. Let the hole fill in by itself and use that water to drink. Collect the dew, which is water. Drink sap (汁液) from birch trees or maple trees by cutting a branch with a knife or breaking it off. The sap is mostly water and slightly sweet. Follow dry river beds to the water source. 可知,挖洞,收集汁液,随干涸的河床找水源都是为了喝水。所以选择C.

易错点

不联系上下文。

第2小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A

解析

事实细节题。根据文章第四段striking a flint (燧石) or a sharp edged rock with steel from a knife blade; focusing the sun through an eyeglass on cotton or dry grass or other excellent fire starting materials; using dry wood and sticks to start your fire:可知,能利用燧石),易燃物通过太阳镜在阳光下照射,干木头生火。所以选择A.

考查方向

本题考查了细节理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第四段striking a flint (燧石) or a sharp edged rock with steel from a knife blade; focusing the sun through an eyeglass on cotton or dry grass or other excellent fire starting materials; using dry wood and sticks to start your fire:可知,能利用燧石),易燃物通过太阳镜在阳光下照射,干木头生火。所以选择A.

易错点

不联系上下文。

第3小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B

解析

事实细节题。根据文章第六段 Eat only known plant specimens like berries, nuts and fruit. This is not the time to test your wild mushroom knowledge.可知,吃自己熟悉的植物,比如浆果类,坚果类和水果,不要尝试不了解的蘑菇。所以选择B.

考查方向

本题考查了细节理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第六段 Eat only known plant specimens like berries, nuts and fruit. This is not the time to test your wild mushroom knowledge.可知,吃自己熟悉的植物,比如浆果类,坚果类和水果,不要尝试不了解的蘑菇。所以选择B.

易错点

不联系上下文。

第4小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

文章的标题,需要通读全文,把握文意。文章第一段 No one intentionally gets lost in the wild, but circumstances such as weather conditions or medical emergencies may require the use of wilderness survival. With key survival techniques, a person can survive in the wild until help 全段通读,概括出文章的的标题。所以选择选项D

考查方向

本题考查的概括总结的能力。

解题思路

文章的标题,需要通读全文,把握文意。文章第一段 No one intentionally gets lost in the wild, but circumstances such as weather conditions or medical emergencies may require the use of wilderness survival. With key survival techniques, a person can survive in the wild until help 全段通读,概括出文章的的标题。所以选择选项D

易错点

主旨理解有误。