综合题10.0分
英语

(A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common.After all,the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world,and the baby is,well, just playing…right?Perhaps,but some developmental psychologists()have argued that this“play”is  more like a scientific investigation than one might think.

Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table.Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge,it

falls in the ground---and, in the process, it belongs out important evidence about how physical objects interact ; bowls of rice do not flood in mid-sit, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world ), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).

Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way---that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language  using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child , Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.

Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws on how children learn ,but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort ---the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world---is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive systems that make young children feel good about feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, ”It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”

50. According to some developmental psychologists,         

51.We learn from Paragraph 2 that

52. Children may learn the rules of language by

53. What is themain idea of the last paragraph?

54. What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’ play?

第1小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

根据文章第一段 but some developmental psychologists have argued that this “play” is more like a scientific investigation than one might think,可知, 心理学家觉得孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究有些相似, 故选D。

考查方向

考查细节理解

解题思路

根据文章第一段 but some developmental psychologists have argued that this “play” is more like a scientific investigation than one might think,可知, 心理学家觉得孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究有些相似, 故选D。

易错点

信息理解错误

第2小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

根据文章第二段的句子overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world)可知孩子也会像科学家一样收集证据,故选D。

考查方向

考查细节理解

解题思路

根据文章第二段的句子overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world)可知孩子也会像科学家一样收集证据,故选D。

易错点

信息理解错误

第3小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

C

解析

根据文章第三段的句子 “For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering and finally overturning a theory”可知, 孩子可以通过重复自己的实验来学习语言的规律,故选C。

考查方向

考查细节理解

解题思路

根据文章第三段的句子 “For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering and finally overturning a theory”可知, 孩子可以通过重复自己的实验来学习语言的规律,故选C。

易错点

信息提取错误

第4小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B

解析

根据最后一段的句子 “viewing childhood development as scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.”可知, 研究孩子可以让人们更好的了解科学, 故选B。

考查方向

考查细节理解

解题思路

根据最后一段的句子 “viewing childhood development as scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.”可知, 研究孩子可以让人们更好的了解科学, 故选B。

易错点

易错选A

第5小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

根据作者在文中的用词 “appear to”和 “may”来弱化绝对性的表达,和通过引用其他人的观点“some psychologist suggest/argue that” 可知,作者的语气是谨慎的。故选D。

考查方向

考查推理判断

解题思路

根据作者在文中的用词 “appear to”和 “may”来弱化绝对性的表达,和通过引用其他人的观点“some psychologist suggest/argue that” 可知,作者的语气是谨慎的。故选D。

易错点

易错选A