2017年高考真题 英语 (北京卷) 高考

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单选题 本大题共15小题,每小题1分,共15分。在每小题给出的4个选项中,有且只有一项是符合题目要求。
1

1. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf.

A

must

B

should

C

can

D

need

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2

2. —Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited.

—No problem.

A

but

B

or

C

for

D

so

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3

3. Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.

A

whatever

B

whoever

C

whomever

D

whichever

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4

4. —______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?

—Yes. They are happy with it.

A

Did you call

B

Have you called

C

Will you call

D

Were you calling

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5

5. ______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.

A

Once

B

If

C

Although

D

Because

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6

6. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.

A

why

B

where

C

how

D

when

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7

7. Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time.

A

save

B

saving

C

to save

D

saved

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8

8. If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.

A

because

B

though

C

until

D

since

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9

9. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet.

A

haven’t invented

B

haven’t been invented

C

hadn’t invented

D

hadn’t been invented

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10

10. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to elephants.

A

ranging

B

range

C

to range

D

ranged

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11

11. The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.

A

that

B

as

C

where

D

when

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12

12.Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students.

A

to spend

B

spend

C

spending

D

spent

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13

13.People______better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living longer as result.

A

will have

B

have

C

had

D

had had

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14

14. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.

A

had been put

B

were put

C

should be put

D

would be put

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15

15. Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry.

A

at

B

in

C

on

D

by

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简答题(综合题) 本大题共70分。简答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤。
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阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl form Manitoba,Canada.One day, when she wasfive years old,she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg.They saw aman  36     out of a garbage can.She asked hermother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless andhungry.Hannah was very   37   .She couldn't understand whysome people had to live their without shelter or enough food.Hannah started tothink about how she could  38    ,but,of course,there is not a lot onefive-year-old can do to solve(解决)the problem ofhomelessness.      

Later ,when Hannah attended school, she sawanother homeless person. It was a woman,  39   an old shopping trolley(购物车)which was piled with   40  .It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah verysad, and even more  41  to do something.She had been talking toher mother about the lives of homeless people  42  theyfirst saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something tochange the problem that made her sad, she wouldn’ t  43  as bad.

Hannah began to speak out about the homelessnessin Manitoba and then in other provinces.She hoped to 44 her message ofhope and awareness.She started the Ladybug Foudation ,an organization aiming atgetting rid of bomekssacss. She began to “Big Bosses” lunches, where she wouldtry to persuade local business Leaders to 46 to the cause.She alsoorganized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone`s spare change during “MakeChange” month. More recently, the foundation began another  47  calledNational Red Scarf Day-a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in supportof Canada`s  48  and homeless.

There is an emergency shelter in Winnipegcalled “Hannah`s Place”,something that Hannah is very 49 of. Hannah`sPlace is divided into several areas,providing shelter for people when it is socold that  50 outdoors can meandeath.In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities,shehasreceived a lot of  51  .

For example, she received the 2007 BRICKAward recognizing the   52    of young people to change the world. But   53     all this, Hannah still has the   54     life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except thatshe pays regular visits to homeless people.

Hannah is one ofmany examples of young people who are making a   55    in the world.You can,too!

36. A. jumping                     B. eating                      C. crying               D. waving

37. A. annoyed                     B. nervous                    C. ashamed            D. upset

38. A. behave                       B. manage                    C. help                  D. work

39. A. pushing                     B. carrying                   C. buying                     D. holding

40. A. goods                        B. bottles                      C. foods                D. bags

41. A. excited                      B. determined               C. energetic           D. grateful

42. A. since                         B. unless                      C. although            D. as

43. A. sound                        B. get                           C. feel                   D. look

44. A. exchange                   B. leave                        C. keep                 D. spread

45. A. sell                            B. deliver                            C. host                  D. pack

46. A. contribute                  B. lead                         C. apply                D.agree

47. A. campaign                   B. trip                          C. procedure          D. trial

48. A. elderly                       B. hungry                     C. lonely               D. sick

49. A. aware                        B. afraid                       C. proud                D. sure

50 A. going                         B.sleeping                   C. traveling           D. playing

51. A. praises                       B. invitations                C. replies               D. appointments

52. A. needs                         B. interests                   C. dreams              D. efforts

53. A. for                                   B. through                    C. besides              D. along

54. A. healthy                      B. public                      C. normal                     D. tough

55. A. choice                       B. profit                       C. judgement         D. difference

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                                     A

    It was a cold March day in High Point,North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting fortheir next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm,Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her zxxk teammate Paris White play. Thetwo didn’t know each other well —Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.

    Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,“Paris’s eye rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”

    It certainly was, Paris had suffered asudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. “Doesanyone know CPR?”

    CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR,you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body andtakes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly.

Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPRcourse the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it wellenough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doingCPR, “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” saysTaylor.

Taylor’s swift action helped her teammatescalm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, whobrought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them:Paris’ heartbeat returned.

“I know I was really lucky,” Paris say now. “Mostpeople don’t survive this. My team saved my life”

Experts say Paris is right: For a suddenheart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearbystep in and do CPR quickly.

 Today, Paris is back on the softball team.Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel moreconfident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure ina scary situation.”

56.What happened to Paris on a March day?

A.She caught a bad cold.

B. She had a sudden heart problem.

C.She was knocked down by a ball.

D.She shivered terribly during practice

57.Why does Paris say she was lucky?

A.She made a worthy friend.

B. She recovered from shock.

C. She received immediate CPR.

D.She came back on the softball team.

58.Which of the following words can bestdescribe Taylor?

A.Enthusiastic and kind.

B.Courageous and calm.

C.Cooperative and generous.

D.Ambitious and professional.

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            B

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Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelledwithin 28 days and you can get your money back.

59. Why is TOKNOWa special magazine?

A. It entertainsyoung parents.

B. It providesserious sdvertisements.

C. It publishespopular science fictions.

D. It combines funwith complex concepts.

60. What doesTOKNOW offer its readers?

A. Online courses.

B. Articles on newtopics.

C. Lectures on abalanced life.

D. Reports onscientific discoveries.

61. How muchshould you pay if you make a 12-mouth subscription to TOKNOW with gift packfrom China?

A. £55.          B. £60.                C. £65.            D. £70.

62. Subscribers ofTOKNOW would get             .

A. free birthdaypresents

B. full refundwithin 28 days

C. membership ofthe TOKNOW club

D. chances to meetthe experts in person

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C

Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more,was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use ofthe MMR vaccine(疫苗). But thedisease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement andmisinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles caseshave been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.

The numbers might sound small, but they arethe leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, asthey still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called“herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including thosewho zxxk can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to getvaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.

But herd immunity works only when nearly thewhole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride,immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.

That’s exactly what is happening in smallneighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-oldcaused an outbreak last year.

The resistance to vaccine has continued fordecades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse totake that risk selfishly make others suffer.

Making things worse are state laws that makeit too easy to opt out(决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all childrenentering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption(豁免), sometimes just by signing apaper saying they personally object to a vaccine.

Now, several states are moving to tightenlaws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limitexemptions.

Parents ought to be able to opt out only forlimited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough.Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll existonly as long as everyone shares in the risks.

63.The first two paragraphs suggestthat ____________.

A.a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend

B.the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention

C.anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons

D.information about measles spreads quickly

64.Herd immunity works well when ____________.

A.exemptions are allowed

B.several vaccines are used together

C.the whole neighborhood is involved in

D.new regulations are added to the state laws

65.What is the main reason for thecomeback of measles?

A.The overuse of vaccine.

B.The lack of medical care.

C.The features of measles itself.

D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people.

66.What is the purpose of the passage?

A.To introduce the idea of exemption.

B.To discuss methods to cure measles.

C.To stress the importance of vaccination.

D.To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.

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D

   Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies ofkiller robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility thatartificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving somethingother than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician NorbertWiener, who founded the field of cybernetics(控制论), put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanicalagency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite surethat the purpose which we really desire.”

   A machine with a specific purpose hasanother quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish topreserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, noris it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simplefact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So ifwe send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it willhave a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or evenkilling anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then,we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, superintelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the realworld as the chessboard.

   The possibility of entering into and losingsuch a match should concentrating the minds of computer scientists. Someresearchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall,using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect thereal world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to inventa firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligentmachines.

   Solving the safety problem well enough tomove forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probablydecades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But theproblem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AIresearchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as theywork in teams—yet that isnot possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switchthem off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility.Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyonewho expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talkingmoonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented theneutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclearchain reaction.

67.Paragraph 1mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may         .

A. run out ofhuman control

B. satisfy human’sreal desires

C. command armiesof killer robots

D. work fasterthan a mathematician

68.Machines withspecific purposes are associated with living things partly because they mightbe able to        .

A. preventthemselves from being destroyed

B achieve theiroriginal goals independently

C. do anythingsuccessfully with given orders

D. beat humans ininternational chess matches

69.According tosome researchers, we can use firewalls to           .

A. help superintelligent machines work better

B. be secureagainst evil human beings

C. keep machinesfrom being harmed

D. avoid robots’affecting the world

70.What does theauthor think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?

A. It willdisappear with the development of AI.

B. It will getworse with human interference.

C. It will besolved but with difficulty.

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根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

  Every animal sleeps,but the reason for thishas remained foggy.When lab rats are not allowed to sleep,they die within amonth.    71    

    One idea is that sleep helps us strengthennew memories.    72   We know that,while awake,fresh memories are recorded by reinforeing (加强)connections between braincells,but the  memory processes that takeplace while we sleep  have been unclear.

    Support is  growing for a theory thatsleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元)in the brain can be weakenedovernight,making room for fresh memories to from the next day.       73  

Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.   74   Thesynapses in the  mice taken at the end ofa period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken beforesleep,showing that the connections between neurons weaken  while sleeping.

If  Tononi`s theory isright,it would explain why,when we miss a night`s,we find it harder the nextday to concentrate and learn new information-our brains may have smaller roomfor new experences.

Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories overtime even though the synapscs become thinner.The team discovered that somesynapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size.   75   “You keep what matters,”Tononi says.

A. We should alsotry to sleep well the night before.

B. Ti’s as if thebrain is preserving its most important memories.

C. Similarly, whenpeople go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.

D. The processestake place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.

E. That’s whystudents do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.

F. “Sleep is theprice we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.

G. Tononi’s teammeasured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.

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书面表达 本大题共15分。
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你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行,有两条线路可以选择:“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信,内容包括:

1.你建议的线路;

2.你的理由;

3.你的祝愿。

注意:1.词数不少于50;

2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

                                                                                     

                                                                                     

                                                                                     

Yours,

Li Hua

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书面表达 本大题共20分。
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假设你是红星中学高三学生李华,请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,写一篇英文周记,记录毕业前夕你们制作以“感恩母校”为主题的毕业纪念视频的全过程。注意:词数不少于60。提示词:视频video

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