Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Golden Rules of Good Design
What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to 41 _ the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.
Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary 42 _
More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 _ design. Post-Modernist designers began to 44 _ with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 45 _ such as ovens and kettles.
Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 _ . For example, think of a(n) 47 _ desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 48 _ light where it is needed.
From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into 49 _ the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational(理性的). When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily 50 _ the toothpaste onto our brush.
H. intended
I. operated
J. soulless
K. squeeze
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
D
根据上面的解题思路可知，在过去的几年，设计师和艺术家都试图找到好的设计的精华所在。故选项D正确。
根据前一句“Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to 41 the essentials of good design”可知，capture the essentials。
essentials,精华。对词义的把握。
E
根据上面的解题思路可知，avoid unnecessary decoration, decoration,装饰。故选项E正确。
根据前一句“Less is more”和“ Design should avoid unnecessary 42 ”可知，应该避免不必要的装饰，decoration。
Less is more,简单是最好的。对词义的把握。
J
根据上面的解题思路可知，soulless,毫无灵魂的。故选项J正确。
根据前一句“ More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design”可知，多出的不一定是多余的，如果简单得太糟糕，其结果就是毫无灵魂的设计。
多出的不一定是多余的。对词义的把握。
G
根据上面的解题思路可知，从选项中experiment最合适。故选项G正确。
根据前一句“ Post-Modernist designers began to 44 with decoration and color again ”可知，后现代设计师开始再次对装修和颜色做试验。
experiment with,做试验。对词义的把握。
C
根据上面的解题思路可知，后面的oven,kettles提示可知。故选项C正确。
根据前一句“Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 45 such as ovens and kettles ”可知，产品设计深受这个观点影响，从厨房用具可看出，例如炉子和壶子。
kitchen appliances,厨房用具。对词义的把握。
H
根据上面的解题思路可知，do what is intended。故选项H正确。
根据前一句“Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 ”可知，符合功能需要的产品最重要。
Fitness for purpose,功能效应。对词义的把握。
B
根据上面的解题思路可知，adjustable desk lamp,可调节书桌台灯。故选项B正确。
根据前一句“For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user.”可知，调节灯的材料应该耐温，能被用户调节。
adjustable,可调节的。对词义的把握。
F
根据上面的解题思路可知，从选项里direct最合适。故选项F正确。
根据前一句“Most importantly, it needs to 48 light where it is needed.”可知，最重要的是，能够根据需求导光。
direct,导光，adj变v。对词义的把握。
A
根据上面的解题思路可知，take into account是词组。故选项A正确。
根据前一句“He believes design must take into 49 the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste”可知，他认为设计必须考虑到光，嗅觉，触觉和味觉的敏感度。
take into account,考虑到...。对词义的把握。
K
根据上面的解题思路可知，spueeze the toothpaste,挤牙膏。故选项K正确。
根据前一句“ we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily 50 the toothpaste onto our brush.”可知，我们很喜欢样子酷酷的又能把牙膏挤到牙刷上的设备。
squeeze,挤。对词义的把握。